Skip to main content
         

Ethnicity and the Risk of Breast Cancer
Bibliography

This bibliography is provided as a service to our readers. It is compiled from the entries in the BCERF Environmental Risk Factors Bibliographic Database.

This bibliography is arranged topically. The topics include:

Review Articles and Commentaries

Benderly, B. L. (1997). The Jewish cancer-gene panic. The Jerusalem Report.

Browne, D., and Romilly-Harper, A. P. (2000). Introduction to the workshop. Cancer (supplement) 88, 1187-1188.

Anderson, B. O. (2001). Prophylactic surgery to reduce breast cancer risk: a brief literature review. Breast Journal 7, 321-330.

Anthropologists, A. A. o. P. (1996). 1996 AAPA statement on biological aspects of race (American Association of Physical Anthropologists).

Burhansstipanov, L. (2000). Urban Native American Health Issues. Cancer 88, 1207-1213.

Collins, F. S. (1996). BRCA 1 - lots of mutations, lots of dilemmas. New England Journal of Medicine 334, 186-188.

Frank, T. S., and Critchfield, G. C. (2001). Identifying and managing hereditary risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Clinics in Perinatology 28, 395-406.

Haynes, M. A., and Smedley, B. D., eds. (1999). The Unequal Burden of Cancer: An Assessment of NIH Research and Programs for Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved.

Ijaduola, T. G., and Smith, E. B. (1998). Pattern of breast cancer among White-American, African-American, and nonimmigrant West-African women. Journal of the National Medical Association 90, 547-551.

Jones, L., and Chilton, J. (2002). Impact of breast cancer on African-American women: priority areas for research in the next decade. American Journal of Public Health 92, 539-542.

Justice, C. o. E. (1999). Toward Environmental Justice, National Academy Press).

Kerr, P., and Ashworth, A. (2001). New complexities for BRCA1 and BRCA2. Current Biology 11, R668-676.

Kadouri, L., Easton, D. F., Edwards, S., Hubert, A., Kote-Jarai, Z., Glaser, B., Durocher, F., Abeliovich, D., Peretz, T., and Eeles, R. A. (2001). CAG and GGC repeat polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene and breast cancer susceptibility in BRCA1/2 carriers and non-carriers. British Journal of Cancer 85, 36-40.

Kamath, S. K., Murillo, G., Chatterton, R. T., Hussain, E. A., Amin, D., Mortillaro, E., Peterson, C. T., and Alekel, D. L. (1999). Breast cancer risk factors in two distinct ethnic groups: Indian and Pakistani v. American premenopausal women. Nutrition and Cancer 35, 16-26.

Kelsey, J. L., and Horn-Ross, P. L. (1993). Breast cancer: Magnitude of the problem and descriptive epidemiology. Epidemiologic Reviews 15, 7-16.

Krieger, N. (2001). The ostrich, the albatross, and public health: an eco-social perspective - or why an explicit focus on health consequences of discrimination and deprivation is vital for good science and public health practice. Public Health Reports 116, 419-423.

Lacey, J. V. (2002). Recent trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 39, 82-88.

Maskarinec, G. (2000). Breast Cancer - Interaction between ethnicity and environment. In Vivo 14, 115-124.

Moormeier, J. (1996). Breast Cancer in Black Women. Annals of Internal Medicine 124, 897-905.

Newman, L. A., Carolin, K., Simon, M. S., Kosir, M. A., Hyrniuk, W., Demers, R., Schwartz, A. G., Visscher, D., Peters, W., and Bouwman, D. (2001). Impact of breast carcinoma on African-American women. Cancer 91, 1834-1843.

Pathak, D. R., Osuch, J. R., and He, J. (2000). Breast Carcinoma Etiology. Cancer 88, 1230-1238.

Phillips, J., and Smith, E. D. (2001). Breast cancer control and African American women: a review. Cancer Investigation 19, 273-280.

Satagopan, J. M., Offit, K., Foulkes, W. D., Robson, M. E., Wacholder, S., Eng, C. M., Karp, S. E., and Begg, C. B. (2001). The lifetime risks of breast cancer in Ashkenazi Jewish carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 10, 467-473.

Segala, C., Gerber, M., and Richardson, S. (1991). The pattern of risk factors for breast cancer in a souther France population. Interest for a stratified analysis by age at diagnosis. British Journal Cancer 64, 919-925.

Sverdlov, R. S., Barshack, I., Bar Sade, R. B., Baruch, R. G., Hirsh-Yehezkel, G., Dagan, E., Feinmesser, M., Figer, A., and Friedman, E. (2000). Genetic analyses of male breast cancer in Israel. Genetic Testing 4, 313-317.

Swanson, G. M., and Lin, C.-S. (1994). Survival patterns among younger women with breast cancer: the effects of age, race, stage and treatment. Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs 16, 69-77.

Trock, B. J. (1996). Breast cancer in African-American women: epidemiology and tumor biology. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 40, 11-24.

Valencia, M. E., Bennett, P. H., Ravussin, E., Esparza, J., Fox, C., and Schulz, L. O. (1999). The Pima Indians in Sonora, Mexico. Nutrition Reviews 57, S55-S58.

Villarosa, L. (2002). Races as the same machine in different colors. New York Times.

Wu, A. H. (2000). Diet and breast carcinoma in multiethnic populations. Cancer 88, 1239-1244.

Back to the top

Epidemiological Studies

Alagaratnam, T. T., Cheung, S. Y., and Ong, G. B. (1992). Oestrogen receptor status and survival in Chinese females with breast cancer. Australian and New Zealand. Journal of Surgery 52, 601-604.

Arndt, V., Sturmer, T., Stegmaier, C., Ziegler, H., Dhom, G., and Brenner, H. (2001). Socio-demographic factors, health behavior and late-stage diagnosis of breast cancer in Germany: A population-based study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 54, 719-727.

Ashing-Giwa, K. (1999). Health behavior change models and their socio-cultural relevance for breast cancer screening in African American women. International Journal of Aging and Human Development 28, 53-71.

Austin, H., Cole, P., and Wynder, E. (1979). Breast cancer in black American women. International Journal of Cancer 24, 541-544.

Ayanian, J. Z., and Guadagnoli, E. (1996). Variations in breast cancer treatment by patient and provider characteristics. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 40, 65-74.

Ayanian, J. Z., Kohler, B. A., Abe, T., and Epstein, A. M. (1993). The relation between health insurance coverage and clinical outcomes among women with breast cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 329, 326-331.

Bach, P. B., Schrag, D., Brawley, O. W., Galaznik, A., Yakren, S., and Begg, C. B. (2002). Survival of blacks and whites after a cancer diagnosis. Journal of the American Medical Association 287, 2106-2113.

Bahar, A. Y., Taylor, P. J., Andrews, L., Proos, A., Burnett, L., Tucker, K., Friedlander, M., and Buckley, M. F. (2001). The frequency of founder mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, and APC genes in Australian Ashkenazi Jews: implications for the generality of U.S. population data. Cancer 92, 440-445.

Ballard-Barbash, R., Potosky, A. L., Harlan, L. C., Nayfield, S. G., and Kessler, L. G. (1996). Factors associated with surgical and radiation therapy for early stage breast cancer in older women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 88, 716-726.

Baquet, C. R., and Commiskey, P. (2000). Socioeconomic factors and breast carcinoma in multicultural women. Cancer 88, 1256-1264.

Baquet, C. R., Horm, J. W., Gibbs, T., and Greenwald, P. (1991). Socioeconomic factors and cancer incidence among blacks and whites. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 83, 551-557.

Berg, J. W., Ross, R. K., and Latourette, H. B. (1977). Economic status and survival of cancer patients. Cancer 39, 467-477.

Biffl, W. L., Myers, A., Franciose, R. J., Gonzalez, R. J., and Darnell, D. (2001). Is breast cancer in young Latinas a difference disease? American Journal of Surgery 182, 596-600.

Boyer-Chammard, A., Taylor, T. H., and Anton-Culver, H. (1999). Survival differences in breast cancer among racial/ethnic groups: a population-based study. Cancer Detection and Prevention 23, 463-473.

Bradley, C. J., Given, C. W., and Roberts, C. (2002). Race, socioeconomic status, and breast cancer treatment and survival. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 94, 490-496.

Brawley, O. W. (2002). Disaggregating the effects of race and poverty on breast cancer outcomes. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 94, 471-473.

Breen, N., Kessler, L. G., and Brown, M. L. (1996). Breast cancer control among the underserved--an overview. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 40, 105-115.

Breen, N., Wesley, M. N., Merrill, R. M., and Johnson, K. (1999). The relationship of socio-economic status and access to minimum expected therapy among female breast cancer patients int he National Cancer Institute Black-white cancer survival study. Ethnicity and Disease 9, 111-125.

Brinton, L. A., Benichou, J., Gammon, M. D., Brogan, D. R., Coates, R., and Schoenberg, J. B. (1997). Ethnicity and variation in breast cancer incidence. International Journal of Cancer 73, 349-355.

Chen, V. W., Correa, P., Kurman, R. J., Wu, X. C., Eley, J. W., Austin, D., Muss, H., Hunter, C. P., Redmond, C., Sobhan, M., and al., e. (1994). Histological characteristics of breast carcinoma in blacks and whites. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 3, 127-135.

Chen, Y., Thompson, W., Semenciw, R., and Mao, Y. (1999). Epidemiology of contralateral breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 8, 855-861.

Chu, K. C., Anderson, W. F., Fritz, A., Ries, L., and Brawley, O. W. (2001). Frequency distributions of breast cancer characteristics classified by estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status for eight racial/ethnic groups. Cancer 91, 37-45.

Claus, E. B., Schildkraut, J. M., Thompson, W. D., and Risch, N. J. (1996). The genetic attributable risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Cancer 77, 2318-2324.

Cui, Y., Whiteman, M. K., Langenberg, P., Sexton, M., Tkaczuk, K. H., Flaws, J. A., and Bush, T. L. (2002). Can Obesity Explain the Racial Difference in Stage of Breast Cancer at Diagnosis between Black and White Women? Journal of Women’s Health and Gender Based Medicine 11, 527-536.

Dayal, H. H., Power, R. N., and Chiu, C. (1982). Race and socio-economic status in survival from breast cancer. Journal of Chronic Diseases 35, 675-683.

Deapen, D., Liu, L., Perkins, C., Bernstein, L., and Ross, R. K. (2002). Rapidly rising breast cancer incidence rates among Asian-American women. International Journal of Cancer 99, 747-750.

Devesa, S. S., and Diamond, E. L. (1980). Association of breast cancer and cervical cancer incidence with income and education among whites and blacks. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 65, 515-528.

Dignam, J. J. (2000). Differences in breast cancer prognosis among African-American and Caucasian women. Ca, A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 50, 50-64.

Dignam, J. J., Redmond, C. K., Fisher, B., Costantino, J. P., and Edwards, B. K. (1997). Prognosis among African-American women and white women with lymph node negative breast carcinoma. Cancer 80, 80-90.

Eley, J. W., Hill, H. A., Chen, V. W., Austin, D. F., Wesley, M. N., Muss, H. B., Greenberg, R. S., Coates, R. J., Correa, P., Redmond, C. K., and al., e. (1994). Racial differences in survival from breast cancer. Results of the National Cancer Institute Black/White Cancer Survival Study. Journal of the American Medical Association 272, 947-954.

El-Tamer, M., Homel, P., and Wait, R. R. (1999). Is race a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer? Journal of American College of Surgeons 189, 41-45.

Freeman, H. P., and Wasfie, T. J. (1989). Cancer of the breast in poor black women. Cancer 63, 2562-2569.

Furberg, H., Millikan, R., Dressler, L., Newman, B., and Geradts, J. (2001). Tumor characteristics in African American and white women. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 68, 33-43.

Gapstur, S. M., Dupuis, J., Gann, P., Collila, S., and Winchester, D. P. (1996). Hormone receptor status of breast tumors in black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white women. An analysis of 13,239 cases. Cancer 77, 1465-1471.

Gordon, N. H. (1995). Association of education and income with estrogen receptor status in primary breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 142, 796-803.

Gordon, N. H., Crowe, J. P., Brumberg, D. J., and Berger, N. A. (1992). Socioeconomic factors and race in breast cancer recurrence and survival. American Journal of Epidemiology 135, 609-618.

Gorey, K. M., and Vena, J. E. (1994). Cancer differentials among US blacks and whites: quantitative estimates of socioeconomic-related risks. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 86, 209-215.

Gorey, K. M., and Vena, J. E. (1995). The association of near poverty status with cancer incidence among black and white adults. Journal of Community Health 20, 359-366.

Gray, G. E., Henderson, B. E., and Pike, M. C. (1980). Changing ratio of breast cancer incidence rates with age of black females compared with white females in the United States. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 64, 461-463.

Haynes, M. A. (2000). A conceptual framework for the planning of ethno-oncology. Cancer 88, 1189-1192.

Hunter, C. P. (2000). Epidemiology, stage at diagnosis, and tumor biology of breast carcinoma in multiracial and multiethnic populations. Cancer 88, 1193-1202.

Jones, B. A., Kasi, S. V., Curnen, M. G., Owens, P. H., and Dubrow, R. (1997). Severe obesity as an explanatory factor for the black/white difference in stage at diagnosis of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 146, 394-404.

Joslyn, S. A., and West, M. M. (2000). Racial differences in breast carcinoma survival. Cancer 88, 114-123.

Kaur, J. S. (2000). Migration patterns and breats carcinoma. Cancer 88, 1203-1206.

Kliewer, E. V., and Smith, K. R. (1995). Breast cancer mortality among immigrants in australia and canada. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 87, 1154-1161.

Krieger, N. (1989). Exposure, susceptibility, and breast cancer risk: a hypothesis regarding exogenous carcinogens, breast tissue development, and social gradients, including black/white differences, in breast cancer incidence. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 13, 205-223.

Krieger, N. (1990). Social class and the black/white crossover in the age-specific incidence of breast cancer: a study linking census-derived data to population-based registry records. American Journal of Epidemiology 131, 804-814.

Krieger, N. (2002). Is breast cancer a disease of affluence, poverty, or both? The case of African American women. American Journal of Public Health 92, 611-613.

Krieger, N., Quesenberry, C., Peng, T., Horn-Ross, P. L., Stewart, S., Brown, S., Swallen, K., Guillermo, T., Suh, D., Alvarez-Martinez, L., and Ward, F. (1999). Social class, race/ethnicity, and incidence of breast, cervix, colon, lung, and prostate cancer among Asian, Black, Hispanic, and White residents of the San Francisco Bay Area, 1988-92. Cancer Causes and Control 10, 525-537.

Krieger, N., Wolff, M. S., Hiatt, R. A., Rivera, M., Vogelman, J., and Orentreich, N. (1994). Breast cancer and serum organochlorines: a prospective study among White, Black, and Asian women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 86, 589-599.

Kwate, N. (2002). Re: Race, Socioeconomic status, and breast cancer treatment and survival. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 94, 1254-1255.

Laing, A. E., Demenais, F. M., Williams, R., Kissling, G., Chen, V. W., and Bonney, G. E. (1993). Breast cancer risk factors in African-American women: the Howard University Tumor Registry experience. Journal of the National Medical Association 85, 931-939.

Lannin, D. R., Mathews, H. F., Mitchell, J., Swanson, M. S., Swanson, F. H., and Edwards, M. S. (1998). Influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on racial differences in late-stage presentation of breast cancer. Journal of the American Medical Association 279, 1801-1807.

Lawson, J. S., Field, A. S., Champion, S., Tran, D., Ishikura, H., and Trichopoulos, D. (1999). Low oestrogen receptor alpha expression in normal breast tissue underlies low breast cancer incidence in Japan. Lancet 354, 1787-1788.

Le Marchand, L. (1991). Ethnic variation in breast cancer survival: a review. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 18, S119-126.

Lee, M. M., Lin, S. S., Wensch, M. R., Adler, S. R., and Eisenberg, D. (2000). Alternative therapies used by women with breast cancer in four ethnic populations. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 92, 42-47.

Lee-Feldstein, A., Feldstein, P. J., Buchmueller, T., and Katterhagen, G. (2001). Breast Cancer Outcomes Among Older Women. Journal of General Internal Medicine 16, 189-199.

Legler, J., Meissner, H. I., Coyne, C., Breen, N., Chollette, V., and Rimer, B. K. (2002). The effectiveness of interventions to promote mammography among women with historically lower rates of screening. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 11, 59-71.

Lin, S. S., Clarke, C. A., Prehn, A. W., Glaser, S. L., West, D. W., and O'Malley, C. D. (2002). Survival differences among Asian subpopulations in the united states after prostate, colorectal, breast, and cervical carcinomas. Cancer 94, 1175-1182.

Liu, L., Deapen, D., and Bernstein, L. (1998). Socioeconomic status and cancers of the female breast and reproductive organs: a comparison across racial/ethnic populations in Lost Angeles County, California (US). Cancer Causes and Control 9, 369-380.

Love, R. R., Duc, N. B., Dinh, N. V., Quy, T. T., Xin, Y., and Havighurst, T. C. (2002). Young age as an adverse prognostic factor in premenopausal women with operable breast cancer. Clinical Breast Cancer 2, 294-298.

Madigan, M. P., Ziegler, R. G., Benichou, J., and Hoover, R. N. (1995). Proportion of breast cancer cases in the United States explained by well-established risk factors. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 87, 1681-1685.

Marbella, A. M., and Layde, P. M. (2001). Racial trends in age-specific breast cancer mortality rates in US women. American Journal of Public Health 91, 118-121.

Mayberry, R. M., and Stoddard-Wright, C. (1992). Breast cancer risk factors among black women and white women: similarities and differences. American Journal of Epidemiology 136, 1445-1456.

McTiernan, A. (2000). Associations between energy balance and body mass index and risk of breast carcinoma in women from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds in the U. S. Cancer 88, 1248-1255.

McWhorter, W. P., Schatzkin, A., Horm, J. W., and Brown, C. C. (1989). Contribution of socioeconomic status to black/white differences in cancer incidence. Cancer 63, 982-987.

Michalski, T. A., and Nattinger, A. B. (1997). The influence of balck race and socioeconomic status on the use of breast-conserving surgery for Medicare beneficiaries. Cancer 79, 314-319.

Miller, B. A., Hankey, B. F., and Thomas, T. L. (2002). Impact of sociodemographic factors, hormone receptor status, and tumor grade on ethnic differences in tumor stage and size for breast cancer in US women. American Journal of Epidemiology 155, 534-545.

Miller, B. A., Kilonel, L. N., Bernstein, L., Young Jr, J. L., Swanson, G. M., West, D., Key, C. R., Liff, J. M., Glover, C. S., and G.A., A., eds. (1996). Racial/ethnic patterns of cancer in the United States 1988-1992 (Bethedsa, MD, NIH Pub. No. 96-4104).

Minami, Y., Ohuchi, N., Fukao, A., and Hisamichi, S. (1997). Risk factors for breast cancer: a case-control study of screen-detected breast cancer in Miyagi Prefecture, Japanese. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 44, 225-233.

Moorman, P. G., Jones, B. A., Millikan, R., Hall, I. J., and Newman, B. (2001). Race, anthropometric factors, and stage at diagnosis of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 153, 284-291.

Moradi, T., Adami, H. O., Ekbom, A., Wedren, S., Terry, P., Floderus, B., and Lichtenstein, P. (2002). Physical activity and risk for breast cancer a prospective cohort study among Swedish twins. International Journal of Cancer 100, 76-81.

Morris, C. R., Cohen, R., Schlag, R., and Wright, W. E. (2000). Increasing trends in the use of breast-conserving surgery in California. American Journal of Public Health 90, 281-284.

Natarajan, N., Nemoto, D., Nemoto, T., and Mettlin, C. (1988). Breast cancer survival among Orientals and whites living in the United States. Journal of Surgical Oncology 39, 206-209.

Neuhausen, S. L. (1999). Ethnic differences in cancer risk resulting from genetic variation. Cancer 86, 2575-2582.

Newman, L. A., Bunner, S., Carolin, K., Bouwman, D., Kosir, M. A., White, M., and Schwartz, A. (2002a). Ethnicity related differences in the survival of young breast carcinoma patients. Cancer 95, 21-27.

Newman, L. A., Kuerer, H. M., Hunt, K. K., Singh, G., Ames, F. C., Feig, B. W., Ross, M. I., Taylor, S., and Singletary, S. E. (1999). Local recurrence and survival among black women with early-stage breast cancer treated with breast-conservation therapy or mastectomy. Annals of Surgical Oncology 6, 241-248.

Newman, L. A., Mason, J., Cote, D., Vin, Y., Carolin, K., Bouwman, D., and Colditz, G. A. (2002b). African-American ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and breast cancer survival. Cancer 94, 2844-2854.

Palmer, J. R., Rosenberg, L., Rao, R. S., Strom, B. L., Warshauer, M. E., Harlap, S., Zauber, A., and Shapiro, S. (1995). Oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk among African-American women. Cancer Causes Control 6, 321-331.

Panguluri, R. C., Brody, L. C., Modali, R., Utley, K., Adams-Campbell, L., Day, A. A., Whitfield-Broome, C., and Dunston, G. M. (1999). BRCA1 mutations in African Americans. Human Genetetics 105, 28-31.

Parkin, D. M., Bray, F. I., and Devesa, S. S. (2001). Cancer burden in the year 2000. The global picture. European Journal of Cancer 37, S4-66.

Patterson, B. H., Harlan, L. C., Block, G., and Kahle, L. (1995). Food choices of whites, blacks, and Hispanics: data from the 1987 National Health Interview Survey. Nutrition and Cancer 23, 105-119.

Perkins, P., Cooksley, C. D., and Cox, J. D. (1996). Breast Cancer: Is ethnicity an independent prognostic factor for survival? Cancer 78, 1241-1247.

Ragland, K. E., Selvin, S., and Merrill, D. W. (1991). Black-white differences in stage-specific cancer survival: analysis of seven selected sites. American Journal of Epidemiology 133, 672-682.

Raja-Jones, H. (1999). Breast screening and ethnic minority women: a literature review. British Journal of Nursing 8, 1284-1288.

Rajaram, S. S., and Rashidi, A. (1999). Asian-Islamic women and breast cancer screening: a socio-cultural analysis. Women and Health 28, 45-59.

Ramirez, A. J., Westcombe, A. M., Burgess, C. C., Sutton, S., Littlejohns, P., and Richards, M. A. (1999). Factors predicting delayed presentation of symptomatic breast cancer: a systematic review. Lancet 353, 1127-1131.

Riley, G. F., Potosky, A. L., Klabunde, C. N., Warren, J. L., and Ballard-Barbash, R. (1999). Stage at diagnosis and treatment patterns among older women with breast cancer: an HMO and fee-for-service comparison. Journal of the American Medical Association 281, 720-726.

Roach, M., Cirrincione, C., Budman, D., Hayes, D., Berry, D., Younger, J., Hart, R., and Henderson, C. (1997). Race and survival from breast cancer: based on cancer and leukemia group b trial 8541. Cancer Journal from Scientific American 3, 107-112.

Roetzheim, R. G., Gonzalez, R. J., Ferrante, J. M., Pal, N., Van Durme, D. J., and Krischer, J. P. (2000). Effects of health insurance and race on breast carcinoma treatments and outcomes. Cancer 89, 2202-2213.

Rose, D. P., and Royak-Schaler, R. (2001). Tumor biology and prognosis in black breast cancer patients: a review. Cancer Detection and Prevention 25, 16-31.

Rosner, B., Colditz, G. A., and Willett, W. C. (1994). Reproductive risk factors in a prospective study of breast cancer: the Nurses' Health Study. American Journal of Epidemiology 139, 819-835.

Schatzkin, A., Palmer, J. R., Rosenberg, L., Helmrich, S. P., Miller, D. R., Kaufman, D. W., Lesko, S. M., and Shapiro, S. (1987). Risk factors for breast cancer in black women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 78, 213-217.

SEER. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973-1997 (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute).

SEER (2002). SEER incidence age-adjusted rates, 11 registries, 1992-1999 (SEER Cancer Registry, National Cancer Institute).

Shavers, V. L., and Brown, M. L. (2002). Racial and ethnic disparities in the receipt of cancer treatment. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 94, 334-357.

Shinagawa, S. M. (2000). The excess burden of breast carcinoma in minority and medically underserved communities: application, research, and redressing institutional racism. Cancer 88, 1217-1223.

Simon, M. S., and Severson, R. K. (1997). Racial differences in breast cancer survival: the interaction of socioeconomic status and tumor biology. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 176.

Singletary, K. W., and Gapstur, S. M. (2001). Alcohol and breast cancer: review of epidemiologic and experimental evidence and potential mechanisms. Journal of the American Medical Association 286, 2143-2151.

Smith, E. D., Phillips, J. M., and Price, M. M. (2001). Screening and early detection among racial and ethnic minority women. Seminars in Oncological Nursing 17, 159-170.

Stemmermann, G. N. (1991). The pathology of breast cancer in Japanese women compared to other ethnic groups: a review. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 18, S67-72.

Struewing, J. P., Hartge, P., Wacholder, S., Baker, S. M., Berlin, M., McAdams, M., Timmerman, M. M., Brody, L. C., and Tucker, M. A. (1997). The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews. New England Journal of Medicine 336, 1401-1408.

Talley, L. I., Grizzle, W. E., Waterbor, J. W., Brown, D., Weiss, H., and Frost, A. R. (2002). Hormone receptors and proliferation in breast carcinomas of equivalent histologic grades in pre- and postmenopausal women. International Journal of Cancer 98, 118-127.

Tavani, A., Braga, C., La Vecchia, C., Negri, E., Russo, A., and Franceschi, S. (1997). Attributable risks for breast cancer in Italy: education, family history and reproductive and hormonal factors. International Journal of Cancer 70, 159-163.

Tonin, P., Weber, B., Offit, K., Couch, F., Rebbeck, T. R., Neuhausen, S., Godwin, A. K., Daly, M., Wagner-Costalos, J., Berman, D., et al. (1996). Frequency of recurrent BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Ashkenazi Jewish breast cancer families. Nature Medicine 2, 1179-1183.

Wu, L. Y., Semenya, K. A., Hardy, R. E., Hargreaves, M. K., Robinson, S. B., Pederson, L., Sung, J. F., and Haynes, M. A. (1998). Cancer rate differentials between blacks and whites in three metropolitan areas: a 10-year comparison. Journal of the National Medical Association 90, 410-416.

Yood, M. U., Johnson, C. C., Blount, A., Abrams, J., Wolman, E., McCarthy, B. D., Raju, U., Nathanson, D. S., Worsham, M., and Wolman, S. R. (1999). Race and differences in breast cancer survival in a managed care population. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 91, 14871491.

Yuan, J.-M., Yu, M. C., Ross, R. K., Gao, Y.-T., and Henderson, B. E. (1988). Risk factors for breast cancer in Chinese women in Shanghai. Cancer Research 48, 1949-1953.

Ziegler, R. G., Hoover, R. N., Pike, M. C., Hildesheim, A., Nomura, A. M. Y., West, D. W., Wu-Williams, A. H., Kolonel, L. N., Horn-Ross, P. L., and Rosenthal, J. F. (1993). Migration patters and breast cancer risk in Asian-American women. Journal of National Cancer Institute 85, 1819-1827.

Back to the top

Prepared by Barbour S. Warren, Ph.D., Research Associate., BCERF.

We will make every effort to update this bibliography. If you have comments on this bibliography, or have a suggestion of a reference you would like us to review for inclusion in the bibliography, please send this information via email to: breastcancer@cornell.edu

Last Update 12.15.03